Logging Errors
Prerequisites: Debugging with Xdebug
A real application logs errors instead of displaying them to visitors (revisiting the warning from Debugging Basics, Level 1):
error_log("Payment failed for order #{$orderId}: {$e->getMessage()}");
Monolog (the most widely used PHP logging library, and what
Laravel/Symfony use under the hood) adds log levels
(INFO/WARNING/ERROR) and multiple destinations (file, email,
Slack) on top of this same idea.